Muddiest Point

Hi, will somebody explain to me how the reflex arc works? And what structures are involved

Thanks!

Muddiest Point

Hi guys, i don't get what radioactive dating is, I am just really confused with the whole subject of it. Can someone explain it to me please? thanks(:

Scribe! 1/31

Hi! So today in class we started off class by

checking in our "Picture This!" assignment and also our UP page 26. Along with that, we got a new stamp sheet and received two rainbow stamps.

Then we started talking about Darwin Vs. Lamarck. We determined that these are some very important facts to know, and will help with your understanding on the different theories of Darwin and Lamarck!

Darwin

- There is a struggle for existence

among organisms.

-There is a tendency toward

overproduction in nature.

-Conducted most of his research

in the Galapagos Islands.

vs.

Lamarck

-Two mice whose tails had been cut

off should produce offspring with no

tails. (inheritance of acquired characteristics).

-All organisms have an INBORN URGE

to better themselves and become more

fit for their environments; thus birds

developed wings because of this urge.

We answered these questions^ on page 13 in the UP packet; for more practice go there and answer more of those questions! Also, for more help on Lamarck/Darwin, a great recourse is the textbook, and also look through this powerpoint for more review!

Evolution part I

View more presentations from Jmason1

After our short review on Lamarck and Darwin, we took a quiz on a reading we did the other day. This quiz did not count, but could be very helpful to study off of. The quiz was on:

Homologous Structures

Comparative Embryology

Molecular Biology

Analogous Structures

Vestigial Structures

^^^^^^^Example of homologous structures

^^^^^^^Example of comparative embryology

^^^^^^^Example of analogous structures

^^^^^^^Example of vestigial structures

Homologous Structures- As similar organisms adapt to different environments, the function of their appendages changed.

Comparative Embryology- Examining the embryos of organisms; Organisims with similar embryos are thought to be more closely related.

Molecular Biology- Comparison of the amino acid sequences

Analogous Structures- Different organisms began living in similar environments, their appendages involved to preform the same function.

Vestigial Structures- Structures which remain in organisms but have no obvious function.

Tonight's homework is to:

• Finish lab 38

The next scribe is...........Kasia!

Muddiest Point

Hi guys! so i really do not get what Embryonic Development is with the 4 different types. i don't understand what it's for and what the 4 different ones do. That whole area kind of confuses me. If someone could just clear it up for me that'd be great thanks!

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Phenylketonuria

(PKU)

PKU is an inherited disease, starting with the parents. Each parent has two PAH genes which are located on each chromosome 12. In order to pass this genetic disease down, each parent needs to have a mutated PAH gene. This is because this disease is a autosomal recessive disorder which means in order for a child to inherit it, it needs to have two copies of the mutated gene. While producing sperm or eggs, only one of the parent's PAH genes goes into each cell, resulting in which about half of the cells would contain a mutated PAH. The offspring of who's parents are each carriers of the mutated gene would have a 1/4 chance of obtaining PKU. The child could still have one mutated PAH gene, which would make him/her a carrier, but the child does not actually have the disease unless it has both mutated genes, which is what makes this disease autosomal recessive.

Signs and Symptoms

New born babies usually do not have any signs/symptoms of this disease at first, but if not treated, it can lead to serious brain damage causing behavioral problems, epilepsy, and stunt growth of the baby. Physical symptoms can include:

• a small head
• fair skin
• eczema
• body odor

Diagnosis

PKU must be treated early, therefore every baby in the United States gets tested for this disease. What they look for in a PKU-positive baby is high levels phenylalanine in their system. They do this by a simple blood test of the baby's heel or arm. Because all babies are tested and treatment is started right away, severe symptoms of PKU are rarely seen.

Treatments

Mostly all types of protein contain phenylalanine in them, which is why people with PKU obtain a protein-free diet. As for infants, they are given a protein-free formula. People with PKU also can't have artificial sweeteners because those also contain phenylalanine. Besides having a strict diet, another treatment for PKU is an FDA approved medicine.

Prevalence in Population

Prevalence of PKU varies through ethnicity and geographic regions worldwide. In the US, PKU occurs in 1 in 10,000 to 15,000 newborns. As far as ethnicity, the groups that have higher rates are Turks, which are 1 in 2,600, and Irish, which are 1 in 4,5000. The ethnic group that has a significantly low rate of PKU is Japanese, which is 1 in 143,000. This disorder is not seen very much in Africans as well.

Life Expectancy

A person with PKU has almost the same lifespan as somebody without PKU, as long as they had followed the appropriate steps to treat their PKU correctly. This is especially important during their childhood when the brain is still developing.

Muddiest Point

hi guys!

So I get how to do the genotypic ratio in percentages, but I don't fully understand how to do an actual ratio like 1:1 ! Can someone explain this to me? Thanks!

Scribe 10/27/11

Hey !

Today we showed Mrs. Stein our homework and then got a spider stamp on our NEW stamp sheet! We then discussed section 20.3 and filled out a detailed double bubble map combining the classes homework into one map. After this we reviewed, before finally taking the quiz. After the quiz we then went over the 3rd Disease of the Day.

^^This is the double bubble map the class put together. Everything on the left(green) is what is specific to Bacterial Disease, and everything on the right(orange) is what is specific to Viral Disease. Everything in the middle(red) is characteristics that both types of diseases share. We also gave a list of specific types of Viral diseases, and specific types of Bacterial diseases too.

Viral:

• influenza
• HIV
• Herpes
• all kinds of pox

Bacterial:

• Cholera
• Strep throat
• Meningitis
• TB
• Clamydia

We reviewed anything anybody had questions on and if you still don't understand any of these concepts, watch this! :)

Biology - Chp 19 - Bacteria And Viruses - PowerPoint

View more presentations from Mr. Walajtys

After the quiz we reviewed a little bit about the disease of the day, but we didn't get far because of rushed timing. The disease of the day was Schistosamiasis. Schistosomiasis is a vector born disease that is transmitted by snails.

We didn't get time to completely finish up this idea but hopefully we will tomorrow!

Homework for tonight:

• UP 12

Hope this helped with anybody's understanding! See ya tomorrow ( :
THE NEXT SCRIBE WILL BE.. SAM!

Muddiest Point

Hi guys! I'm just a little confused about how to tell the difference between the rough E.R, the smooth E.R, and the golgi bodies. Help???

thanks, Kristina

Muddiest Point

After reading 6.3 tonight, I am still trying to understand Genetic diversity. As the book states, if a populations loses genetic diversity, it is less likely to be able to survive changes in its environment. Can somebody please explain to me why this is? Thanks

First Unit Reflection

This first unit was a good starting unit because it gave us a good idea of what science really is, and a good foundation to build off of. From here on we're going to build onto everything we know. I also think Unit 1 was successful in the idea that it gave us a feel of how the labs are going to operate this year. For example how we have to do a lab right up at the end of each lab unit/lab, and also how we have to work together as a group, etc. Unit 1 may have been review material to some, and it could have been very unfamiliar to others. Either way I think everyone gained a good understanding of the labs and everything we went over in Unit 1. Hopefully we will have a very successful year.